20 Reaction Essay Topics Hot and Fresh Topics on Social Stratification

20 Reaction Essay Topics Hot and Fresh Topics on Social Stratification On the off chance that you are entrusted with composing a response paper on social definition, your initial step is to choose the most suitable theme, one which has been limited enough to fill the page prerequisites you have in front of you. Be that as it may, this isn't in every case simple. There are numerous points out there from which to pick and which can make it troublesome. Fortunately, you can get a little break by perusing the 20 points on social definition for a response paper recorded beneath. You may even locate that one of them is ideal for your response paper: The Functionalist Perspective to Social Stratification The Contributions of Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore to Stratification The Role Social Stratification Plays in Social Function Why the individuals Who Perform More Difficult Tasks Are Entitled to More Power and Prestige Social Mobility: Why Social Stratification Benefits from Open Stratification and Social Mobility What Contributes to Social Strata: Beyond Power, Wealth, and Prestige Melvin Tumin’s Theory of Social Stratification: What New Assumptions Are Given Max Weber’s Theory of Social Stratification Karl Marx: The Original Contributor to the Theory of Social Stratification The Positive and Negative Impact Social Stratification has on Society Would societies be able to Function without the Rules of Social Stratification? Why Closed Social Systems Are Beneficial to Economic Stability: The Case of India Strife Theory and the Nature of Class: How Social Stratification Was Historically Defined Industrialist Societies: Exploiting the Working Class and Keeping Social Mobility Down The Harmful Impact of Social Stratification on Criminal Behavior The Positive Impact of Social Stratification on Religious Organizations The Role of Wealth and Production on Social Classes How Increases in Wealth Change the Landscape of Social Stratification The Validity of Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore’s Theory of Social Stratification The Validity of the Functionalist Perspective Aren’t those extraordinary points? Normally these are implied distinctly as a guide for you when you set out to compose. You will have explicit rules which you should follow, as clarified by your educator. In any case, this rundown gives you some thought of where to begin and what sort of subjects make for fitting expositions. You can take one of the points from the rundown above in the event that it is material to your undertaking and use it as the establishment of your next article. Alongside this valuable material you may likewise check our 12 realities on social delineation and guide for a response paper regarding the matter. Test Research Paper: Max Weber’s Theory of Social Stratification: What He Influenced For a considerable length of time social definition has been broke down by sociologists as far as the causes and the impacts it has on society. Karl Marx and Max Weber differ certainly about the idea of class, something which applied to the customary structure of delineation. Karl Marx put together his thoughts with respect to the way that cutting edge society was separated into two gatherings of individuals. He isolated individuals dependent on the individuals who claims all methods for creation and the individuals who work for creation. As indicated by this hypothesis the industrialist social orders, especially the individuals who claimed all methods for creation detonated the individuals who needed to work. They didn't pay a bearable compensation nor did they give laborers a moderate spot to live. Lamentably it was felt that the laborers neglect to acknowledge they were being misused. It was Marx who accepted that an unrest was not too far off particularly given the way that the rich keep on becoming more extravagant by misusing the lower class. His vision anyway didn't materialize. Society started to modernize and the common laborers gained more instruction and explicit employment abilities which permitted them to make monetary progress which was not practical during the hour of Karl Marx. Those people who were being abused before long came to value the insurance offered by work laws and associations. Assembly line laborers began to acquire pay rates which were like the white collar class partners. It was Max Webe r who assaulted this apparently shortsighted thought of social separation. Max Weber contended that solitary property, for example, possessing the gear or the manufacturing plants utilized for creation, isn't the main thing which decides the social class wherein an individual is put but instead a little piece of that. Social class was better characterized by Max Weber to incorporate influence and renown just as riches and property. Individuals who run organizations however don't possess them are as yet ready to build creation and appreciate more noteworthy benefits. Max Weber contended that property can bring people notoriety given the way that individuals will in general hold rich individuals in a higher respect. Be that as it may, this can likewise originate from another source, for example, a scholarly capacity which far outperforms partners or athletic capacity which is remarkable. In such cases the athletic or individual capacity can prompt property if an individual is eager to pay for access to distinction. That being said Webber further characterized esteem as something interweaved with riches. It was Max Weber who accepted that social class came about because of intensity, something which was a reflection on the capacity of every person to get what they need.  As part of his hypothesis, Weber expressed that people could beat resistance, something which would prompt expanded social portability. People who were just dedicated and fair enough to defeat any resistance would have the option to accomplish more prominent force and change social classes. Well off people were more remarkable than needy individuals yet that influence can emerge out of the distinction of a person which implies that even needy individuals can accomplish a similar economic wellbeing as affluent individuals. Today sociologists believe social class to be the gathering of people or gatherings of individuals who have comparative degrees of influence, riches, and distinction. It was the commitment of Max Weber to explain upon the thoughts introduced by Karl Marx which prompted the cutting edge comprehension of social definition and the way in which Western social orders partition people socially into various layers. Without the extrapolation on the various classes and what adds to various social layers, current social delineation would be altogether unique notwithstanding Max Weber. References: Esping-Andersen, Gã ¸sta. Unfastening THE GORDIAN KNOT OF SOCIAL INHERITANCE†. Examination in Social Stratification and Mobilityâ 21 (2004): 115-138. Web. Gamson, Zelda F. The Stratification Of The Academy. Social Textâ 51 (1997): 67. Web. Gupta, Dipankar. Social Stratification. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1992. Print. Hiller, Peter. SOCIAL REALITY AND SOCIAL STRATIFICATION. The Sociological Reviewâ 21.1 (1973): 77-99. Web. Holmwood, John. Social Stratification. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 1996. Print. Jackson, J. A. Social Stratification. London: Cambridge U.P., 1968. Print. Lambert, Paul. Social Stratification. Farnham: Ashgate, 2011. Print.

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Political Attitude

Exposition #3 Emily Sawyer Civics and Economics H: Mr. Increase third square 10/28/11 An individual’s political mentality can come to pass from numerous sources. These sources can be distinguished as one’s Personal Background, the media’s impact, and an individual’s asserted supposition. Individual Background largy affects a person’s political mentality since it incorporates family, encounters in a person’s life, and that person’s age. Individuals become acclimated with their own lives, and don’t acknowledge how much each easily overlooked detail about you makes you who you are.Political mentality can be founded on what an individual’s family has been informing them concerning the United States Government, yet these things guardians are telling their kids, are the parent’s standpoints and perspectives. For example, an individual who grew up with a full group of Republicans will in all probability be a Republican. I t’s practically like their family indoctrinated them into having a select political point of view. Individuals can build up a political disposition through the encounters throughout their life, for example, where that individual grew up as a youngster, or their family’s financial class.A individual who experienced childhood in the southern states may be affected to be a republican in light of the fact that in late decisions, southern state’s votes, for example, Alabama and Georgia’s came out as Republican. Age can likewise assume a job in this on the grounds that as everything changes and everybody changes, as do as well occasions. Significant occasions that would impact a person’s political view happen at various occasions. Media assumes a job in the impact of political mentalities of American residents today in light of the fact that inside the most recent 50 years, there has been a huge headway in technology.First there was the message, at that point the radio, the paper, magazines, TV and now the web. An ordinary individual gets up in the first part of the day and either peruses the paper or a magazine, or some kind of news. Along these lines, since one article says something regarding their political view, an individual who regularly peruses and concurs with the magazine may begin thinking something very similar. Once more, some kind of programming. In work we typically recognize what we need to do dependent on our encounters and studies, anyway in our day by day lives we depend on the media to get the present news and realities about what is significant and what we ought to know of.An individual’s sentiment is generally a blend of all that they know regarding the matter and what they are advised and are happy to accept. Along these lines, our choices, convictions and qualities depend on what we know beyond all doubt, our suppositions and our own understanding. An individual’s political demeanor can come to pass from numerous sources. These sources can be recognized as one’s Personal Background, the media’s impact, and an individual’s guaranteed supposition. A person’s political viewpoint can likewise change because of huge numbers of these things.

How does Plaths use of extended metaphors and other literary features effect the readers response to her poetry Essays

How does Plaths utilization of expanded representations and other scholarly highlights impact the perusers reaction to her verse Essays How does Plaths utilization of broadened allegories and other scholarly highlights impact the perusers reaction to her verse Paper How does Plaths utilization of broadened analogies and other scholarly highlights impact the perusers reaction to her verse Paper Article Topic: Expanded Verse In this article I will portray the artistic methods and the utilization of language utilized by Sylvia Plath in three of her sonnets Tulips, Mushrooms and Mirror. These sonnets are completely expanded similitudes for vanity and mental self portrait, the pressure of regular day to day existence and the family and an illustration for quality without viciousness. This procedure of broadened analogies is a typical scholarly convention additionally utilized by different writers, for example, John Donne in The Flea and Emily Dickinson in Funeral and Daffodils. Tulips is a quiet serene sonnet composed by Plath speaking to her experience when she was in emergency clinic having an appendectomy activity. The general message of the sonnet is that she lean towards life in the clinic to her life as it permits her to shed her duty, it is tranquil and quiet and it gives her security. Her family give her a lot of tulips, which speak to the outside world, which she scorns. These tulips are utilized as an all-inclusive analogy the strains of family life and the pain that it causes her. Emily Dickinson likewise utilizes this method in the sonnet Daffodils, where spring is an all-inclusive representation for development, life, essentialness and energy, which she scorns. In Tulips Plath depicts two encounters; the impact that the medical clinic has on her and the impact the tulips have on her. She prefers being in the medical clinic, she enjoys the way that in the emergency clinic she is away from the world, she is detached and has no concerns; I am no one; I have nothing to do with blasts. In the emergency clinic nobody irritates her The attendants pass they are no difficulty. In the medical clinic she has shed all her obligation and all the concerns of the outside world, in there she has lost her personality. Like Emily Dickinson she can't hold up under the vitality and vivacity of the outside world. She is support by the way that now not at all like some other time as opposed to associating with others everything she does is watch every other person, she is decreased to simply being an eye; They have propped my head between the pad and the sheet-sleeve. Anyway despite the fact that she has been diminished to this condition of close to death it despite everything isn't sufficient Stupid Pupil, it needs to take everything in This additionally shows she resents being alive. She has lost all feeling of being an individual. She doesn't need to stress over the unconventionality of life. She is content with being this way, she enjoys the quiet and serenity of the emergency clinic I am learning quietness, lying without anyone else unobtrusively This word learning this recommend a steady procedure of figuring out how to be absolutely free and absolutely conceited. The clinic to her dissimilar to the outside world is a mitigating situation where nobody upsets her and she is absolutely alone. My body is a rock to them, they tend it as water watches out for the stones it must run over, smoothing them tenderly again affirming her like for the emergency clinic and the alleviating serenity of the earth and the reality she is absolutely independent. The opposite side to the sonnet is the impact that the tulips have on her. The tulips are emblematic of her family and the outside world and the strains it places upon her. She doesn't care for the tulips to her they are everything that places duty on her, she says they burden her and hurt her. She asserts that they are breathing her air, again more symbolism of limitation and the way that these tulips make her life harder. The tulips are depicted as being excessively red, again communicating Plaths hate for the tulips. Red is likewise an unforgiving shading on the eyes, which again may propose that these tulips are causing her to feel awkward much like the outside world. The tulips are said to seem to drift yet truly overload her like her kids. Plath says that she is tired of things again communicating sentiment of her abhorrence for the outside world. This is upheld up by lines, for example, their grins get onto my skin small grinning snares which propose that her family never disregard her and never let go of her. Additionally in this sonnet symbolism of payload pontoons is utilized to communicate her sentiment of being overloaded by the duty of the outside world, a multi year old freight vessel obstinately clinging to my name and address which passes on musings of aversion for herself, family and her way of life. In the last line Plath suggests that she realizes she is intellectually unsteady and she is has an issue, originates from a nation far away as wellbeing. In the sonnet Mirror Plath communicates her sentiment of abhorrence of society or perhaps men. Another sonnet that is written in a similar style, as this one is Funeral by Emily Dickinson in which melancholy is portrayed as resembling a long draw out burial service. The mirror depicts itself as being exact and administrator, I am Silver and accurate it additionally cas es to not be judgemental I have no biases and unmisted by adoration or abhorrence. The mirror says whatever I see I swallow quickly which recommends it is engrossing and expending everything. The mirrors disposition may speak to the arrogances that men and society groups. The mirror truly thinks it is significant, the eye of a little god proposing that it is holds control over us. The mirror likewise says something about how the divider is a piece of its heart as the divider is great and perfect, dissimilar to people who separate us again and again this recommend he favors taking a gander at the divider. Anyway this demonstrates the mirror to be a wolf in sheep's clothing as it is making a decision about individuals it is being inclination and condemning despite the fact that it claims not to. This is another similitude between the mirror, men and society. In this piece of the sonnet Plath utilizes adjusted determined lines to add to the mirrors feeling of certainty. In the second refrain the object of the sonnet abandons a mirror into a lake. A lake not at all like a mirror contorts pictures and isn't as clear. The ladies investigating this lake is supposed to be scanning my goes after what she truly is proposing she would prefer to take a gander at what she would resemble as opposed to what she truly resembles subsequently why she may be glancing in a lake. At that point she turns around to those liars, the candles and the moon. More symbolism of bending as evening glow and candlelight both change a people picture and that individual look better. Indicating that this lady wouldn't like to see the truth of her looks. The mirror at that point shouts that she compensates me with tears and disturbance of hands. This outlines the lady doesn't care for her own picture as she i s bothered by it. Be that as it may, it likewise shows that the mirror makes the most of her misery rewards me and in this way is being coldblooded and two-faced again like men and society. The mirror at that point says I am imperative to her indicating its self-importance and the lady fixation on mental self view. In the last two lines the mirror says In me she has suffocated a little youngster, and in me an elderly person ascends towards her for a long time, similar to an awful fish this is the greatest representation of the mirrors deception in the sonnet, portraying her appalling and old. This is the primary instance of enjambment in the sonnet demonstrating feeling in a way and again making the mirror blemished. The remainder of the sonnet has end-halted lines; this gives an obvious reality tone. The sonnet is about the fixation on picture and the amount we depend on our looks in todays society, consequently making the mirror practically basic to us. Another sonnet by Sylvia Plath that utilizes an all-inclusive representation is mushrooms. In this sonnet mushrooms appear to speak to the calm individuals that simply remain quiet about themselves and continue ahead with life. Mushrooms themselves are irrelevant living beings however they are extremely effective and can live and get by in a wide range of situations. The sonnet starts of calmly Overnight, whitely, cautiously, unobtrusively passing on a detached, calm environment. Our toes, our noses grab hold on the soil, secure the air the mushroom are getting what they need however not forcibly or savagery, they are slowly pulling themselves up. No one sees us, stops us, sells out us; the little grains may room. They are beginning to sound considerably more impressive, they are simply going unnoticed however they are as yet accomplishing what they need to accomplish. This verse re-implements the possibility of the mushrooms being latent The little grains make room there is no brutality portrayed here so it proposes that others get out the route voluntarily, they isn't strong influence included. In the following verse there is more accentuation on power without savagery appeared by the interesting expression delicate clench hands demand. There is no compelling reason to drive or undermine they get what they need in any case. This verse likewise represents the way that they move everything in their way off the beaten path hurling the needles this additionally shows quality. In the following verse the feeling of solidarity is gotten by and by Our mallets, our rams which makes them much more grounded as they are altogether cooperating to accomplish the one shared objective. They are quiet yet fatal they get precisely what they need. This feeling of solidarity and quality by numbers is raised later in the sonnet by the shout such huge numbers of us! Such huge numbers of us! which likewise recommends fervor and force, it expands the tone of animosity. The utilization of two outcry marks and the redundancy makes it sound like a forceful, vile serenade. Later in the sonnet the mushrooms pass on the way that they

Explain the extent to which Ge essays

Disclose the degree to which Ge articles Disclose the degree to which Germany was changed into an authoritarian state between 1933-1945. The ascent of the Nazi Party in Germany and their inevitable increase to control denoted the beginnings of an extremist state from 1933 to 1945. Under the standard of Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party, Germany was changed from one of the most law based countries on the planet to a state with one man in charge. This radical and constant change, and the acknowledgment and arrangement of an extremist state were not finished for a long time after 1933. The Nazi Party under Hitlers order authority established into Germany a belief system that acknowledged the activities of their pioneer as though it was the very will of a preeminent being. The time of progress, and its congruity is ascribed to various variables. By taking a gander at how Hitler made the new Nazi State, and by seeing how it was kept up assists with assessing the degree to which an authoritarian state was set up. Certain occasions that further settled and solidified the Nazi standard, and furthermore show the degree of their all out force incorporate the death of explicit enactment, the Night of Long blades, and the Night of Broken glass. The explanations behind these occasions, the way that they were arranged and the impacts they had gives a perspective on how outrageous the Totalitarian system was. Additionally to enhance this section of research, it is basic to focus on the unmistakable gatherings that existed in Germany, before Nazi principle and during Nazi guideline. These incorporate the distinctive class gatherings, the military, the treatment of Jews and the structure, activities, points and plans of the genuine Nazi Party (counting the SA and SS). At the point when these center components are consolidated the clarification for the change of Germany during the period 1933 to 1945 can be acquired. All out Nazi force was set up in Germany between 1933-1945. Anyway this doesn't naturally procure Nazi Germany the marking of an extremist state. What exactly ext... <!

Using Analytical Writing Essay Samples to Learn More About Analytical Writing

Using Analytical Writing Essay Samples to Learn More About Analytical WritingFor those who like to use essay writing samples to help them write, this article may prove useful. The techniques used by the writers will reveal how easy it is to produce outstanding college essays. The basic skills involved in this process will help students achieve their goal of being part of a very successful organization.There are many sources of writing samples available for students to use, such as books, articles, and some even make available sample essays on the Internet. Some of these are prepared by experts and experienced writers. Others are from students who have actually written the samples themselves. You should note that they all have the same basic premise in the writing process.In order to get to grips with analytical writing techniques, it is important to read the essays provided by analytical writing essay samples. If you are able to gain a better understanding of the methods they use, th en you will be in a better position to build up a good grasp of the mechanics of the writing process. This is a time when students will also learn a lot of useful information about grammar, punctuation, sentence structure, and spelling.Analytical writing essays are often very good essays and they should be treated as such. It is necessary that all the necessary elements are present before the essay can be considered a real work of art. Reading the samples will help students see what works and what does not.Some of the most important analysis strategies that are taught by writers include the use of an analysis table of contents. It helps when the essay is clear about what it is about. The writer needs to be able to convey the message clearly and concisely.One should read the sample essay and be able to use the analysis techniques in relation to the particular essay. It is important to note that when you are looking at essay samples, it is not enough to think that it will be like the one you are studying. It is necessary that you are able to see a direct comparison between the two.When you are using essay samples to try and help you prepare for a certain type of essay, it is also important to identify the skill sets needed to be successful. If you are not at all confident that you will be successful at an analytical writing task, you should focus your efforts elsewhere. It is also possible that you may be much better at other skills than analytical writing is.The analysis skills are part of the skill set necessary to write effectively, but only a writing sample can teach you what skills are needed to be successful. Using a writing sample can be useful, but it is just one tool that will help you when it comes to writing an essay. You should also focus on a set of skills that you already possess and be happy to work at the skill sets that you already have.

Keeping a donkey - Free Essay Example

Introduction May people around the world perceive donkeys as animals created to work. Very few will keep donkeys as pets and go an extra mile to feed and care for them. I never developed the idea of owning a donkey until one my friends in college recommended that I should own one. Donkeys like human beings should be treated properly. With the right treatment,  Ã‚   donkeys become helpful and will assist an individual in many different ways without force. Besides social needs, an individual should provide appropriate housing and feeding for a donkey. To begin with, donkeys will develop the right feeling by having its master as a friend. A miniature donkey for instance, which individuals prefer keeping as a pet, lives best with another miniature donkey. They will communicate in a language they best understand just as humans communicate. It is easier to train a donkey that feels loved and even more interesting to have it as a pet. A donkey that feels unloved is difficult to tame. It will make noise and may become violent towards the owner. Understanding the feeding habits of a donkey is the first thing towards maintaining its good health. A master should provide enough hay and water. More time should be left for the donkey to feed on natural and fresh bushes. Nutritious hay should often be provided and the donkey weighed regularly. With appropriate feeding, it is unlikely that the donkey will be overweight. It is also important to ensure that the donkey is not underweight due to underfeeding or relying on low-quality hay. Constructing a spacious barn will provide appropriate shelter for a donkey. The barn should be well ventilated to make the place appropriate for the donkey to rest. Appropriate material that will not harm the donkey during play is utilized in construction. Fences should be well constructed to stop the donkey from selected locations safely. Conclusion A donkey is a social animal that is interesting to live with. It is less destructive when loved and obedient. An individual mistreating a donkey should be arrested for animal abuse. It is therefore important to inquire from professionals on the best ways to treat a donkey without mistreatment. Individuals keeping miniature donkeys as toys have an awesome experience.

Oedipus Rex The Pursuit Of Self Knowledge - 1822 Words

Oedipus Rex: The Pursuit of Self-Knowledge Ciara J. Peterson ENG 200: World Literature- Wilson 03/15/2016 The most famous scene in Sophocles’, Oedipus Rex, is when Oedipus gouges out his eyes. But, that’s not the only example of sight and blindness in this play. In Sophocles plays there was always extensive content where he paid considerable attention to the element of â€Å"spectacle† in his plays. When observing the theme of vision, it invites the audience to look at the action with a double perspective, through their own eyes and through the eyes of those on stage. Within this play, sight and blindness are the underlying themes. Sight is commonly associated with light or positive overtones, and blindness is attached to darkness or negative undertones. The approach to describing blindness deals with not only physical blindness but also metaphorical blindness. Oedipus blindness changes from bad to worse at different scenes of the play. Although the word blindness seems quite simple, it can be very debatable. Blindness or the inability to â€Å"see† consis t of two elements; Oedipus s ability to see vs his desire to see. Throughout many scenes, the two elements are used in pattern form. Some scholars mention the two aspects of the play in addition to discussing the theme of knowledge. Lazlo Versenyi, Thomas Hoey, Marjorie Champlain, analyze the play from different perspectives. Versenyi says the play was â€Å"a tragedy of self- knowledge†, with the use of termsShow MoreRelatedEssay about Oedipus the King1164 Words   |  5 Pagesto Websters Dictionary, fate is defined as A power that supposedly predetermines what is to happen (257). In the play Oedipus Rex each character is touched by fate directly or indirectly. The author of the play Sophocles pens the story of a man who was destine from birth to be both martyr and hero, he could never be one without the other. 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Fracking Creates Real Environmental Concerns - 1621 Words

Fourthly, fracking creates real environmental concerns (Lieberman, 2016). Fracking is a process that unearths large amounts of oil and natural gas. â€Å"During fracking, a mixture of water, sand, and chemicals are injected into a well at high pressures, fracturing rock far beneath the surface and releasing the gas trapped inside. The gas then flows up toward the surface and out of the head of a well.† One of the causes of concern are due to the huge amounts of water used in the process, which must usually be transported to remote locations. The chemicals used in the process create another area of concern as they could potentially contaminate underground water supplies. To make matters worse, â€Å"the fossil fuel industry has been reluctant to†¦show more content†¦Therefore, this issue affects more than just the power plants. However, it is something to consider when deciding when deciding to build a natural gas power plant or not. Summary The Fukushima disaster was caused by an earthquake and its following tsunami which caused a failure in the backup systems (World Nuclear Association, 2016). The tsunami knocked out the generators that powered the cooldown processes for three of the Fukushima power plants which caused the radiation leaks and other complications. Consequentially, the disaster was initially classified as a level 5 on the INES scale. Further investigation after the disaster was under control changed it to a level 7 disaster, the highest level on the INES scale. The estimated radioactive releases were about one tenth of Chernobyl, the worst nuclear disaster in history. Following the Fukushima disaster, the US and Japanese nuclear experts developed and began implementing countermeasures to future extreme disasters in order to prevent another disaster similar to Fukushima. These countermeasures included additional equipment, training, and the creation of two emergency response centers. The majority of these will be completed by 2016 and the remainder will be completely in place by 2019. Nuclear power plants have many advantages and disadvantages that must be weighed when comparing it to

Air Force Supply Chain Management - 791 Words

Air Force Supply Chain Management Michelle Wilson University of Phoenix Operations Management MGT 554 GA04MBA09 John Salvagno Oct 09, 2005 Air Force Supply Chain Management Existing Supply Chain Supply chain management systems are designed to take care of the logistics end of the product distribution cycleÂâ€"i.e., making sure that the order from the retailer for 500 gizmos arrives at the retailer in time for the weekend sale. Getting the information from the supply chain system back to headquartersÂâ€"and into the production system, marketing database and accounting systems, just to name a fewÂâ€"is crucial to better decision-making and to providing a more accurate picture of the supply chain (Zimmerman, 2003, 1). The U.S. Air†¦show more content†¦The information is presented in a user-friendly format that allows SCMs to quickly distinguish problem areas and peel back summary information to identify specific causes, so personnel throughout the supply chain can make rapid, intelligent decisions to enhance weapon system support processes. SCCOP fosters collaboration throughout the Air Force through the Air Force Portal. Weapon system managers and SCMs can track all parts throughout the supply chain; swell as support the management of repairable from the operational units through the Defense Logistics Agency and the depots. SCCOP provides a common operational view of the total supply chain and provides details on all of the factors that affect weapon system availability. By capturing and encapsulating business process rules, through the rigorous use of the RUP, for all levels of weapon system manager and SCM activity, SCCOP provides a process-centric view of the supply chain. Flow of Material, Organizations Function and Customers Compare and Contrast Global and Domestic Supply Chains Cost Benefit and Clothes References Frost, A. (2003, nd). Supply Chain Common Operating Picture. Retrieved October 9, 2005, from http://www.intergraph.com/eresource/whitepaper Zimmerman, K. (2003, June, 01, 2003). Coming full circle: Gathering knowledge throughout the supply chain improvesShow MoreRelatedTransportation Transport And Transport Transportation994 Words   |  4 Pagestransport items. The modes are land, water, pipeline, air, and railroad. The modes used by most companies is air and land. Two companies that use these modes are Ups and FedEx. With Ups and FedEx in these modes, consumers and manufactures are able to ship and receive items. Air mode of transportation is the movement of freight by air when time is of the essence. This mode represents the fastest way to ship products over long distances. 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This global network provides customers with supply chain flexibility and increases supply chain surplus for UPS. Leading-edge Technology: UPS develops and implements proprietary logistical software technology that increases supply chain functionality andRead MoreProduction Plan for Riordan Manufacturing1451 Words   |  6 PagesProduction Plan for Riordan Manufacturingr University of Phoenix OPS/GM 571: International Operations Management September 14, 2010 Production Plan for Riordan Manufacturing Riorden Manufacturing Incorporated is a global plastic manufacturing company that employs 550 people with annual earnings of $46 million. Riorden has several plants in different parts of the country and overseas with a corporate headquarters in San Jose California. TheRead MoreThe Role Of Logistics Air Force ( Usaf ) Operations And By Extension United States Military Operations1734 Words   |  7 PagesUnited States Air Force (USAF) operations and by extension United States military operations cannot be underestimated nor undervalued. People of both professional and academic backgrounds have spent considerable time studying and capturing the relevant points of its application. While critical to almost all military units and corporations alike, logistics in definition and application is not easily defined. It is an over-arching word covering many disparate topics such as supply, sustainment,Read MoreSupply Chain Management And Logistics, Selma. As One Of1240 Words à ‚  |  5 PagesSupply Chain Management and Logistics, Selma As one of the world’s leading security company, Northrop Grumman is striving to keep up with its fast-growing scope. One of Northrop’s main secrets in providing top notch capability and cost efficiency to its customers is making their supply chain management and logistics the company’s priority. Northrop has three large different supply chains concentrating on aerospace systems, mission systems and technology services. Aerospace Systems The mission ofRead MoreNaval Aviation Enterprise : Marine Corps Aviation1617 Words   |  7 Pagesreengineered system by using an Enterprise AIR program to deliver speed with direction, called as VELOCITY. They knew that making everything better, cheaper and faster is not their goal. Instead, focussing on continuous process improvement should be their focus to get a new direction and it will work as an optical lens. And then, they had planned to integrate all the efforts to pull off the bottom line effects. The leaders had set up a new direction called Enterprise Air which encompasses of the Theory ofRead MoreEnterprise Resource Planning (Erp) Failure1527 Words   |  7 PagesJuly 1999. Incidentally, the rushed scheduling coincided with the time when Hershey s would receive the bulk of its Halloween and Christmas orders. When the system went live in July 1999, unexpected issues prevented orders from moving through the supply-chain, resulting in the company s inability to process $ 100 million worth of Kiss and Jolly Rancher orders (Gross, 2011). Not to be outdone is the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), which began its Expeditionary Combat Support System (ECSS) projectRead MoreThe Product And Services At Bae System1442 Words   |  6 Pagesapproach this is through systems of quality assurance . It isn’t just review, but audit is certainly a key tool in providing assurance to senior management and their stakeholders. BAE system is a registered ISO 9001:2008 organisation; they deploy sophisticated quality programmes to mange and improve finical performance, product and service quality and management and operational processes. In 2001, BAE systems realised that had to focus more on the project axes to ensure company could deliver project onRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Fedex1465 Words   |  6 PagesThe Federal Express (FedEx) was born as an idea for a college paper by Fredrick Smith in 1971. In the paper, he suggested using air transportation to deliver urgent packages overnight since airports tend to be not congested during that time of day, would make the transportation much faster and economical. After acquiring a share in Arkansas Aviation Sales, Fred started his package delivery business, which turned profitable by 1975 and saw a rapid growth to own 43% of the market by the early 1990s

God Philosophical Perspectives on Divine Essence

Question: What is God for Philosophical Perspectives on Divine Essence? Answer: The existence of God can be felt and realized, though His presence may not be observed by the finite beings, as God Himself is infinite. Hence, God is not only omnipotent, but he is also transcendent. In other words, His strength, presence and power lie beyond the comprehension of ordinary human beings. However, at the same time, God is also believed to be imminent, whose existence can be felt by the inhabitants of the world. I believe that this is indeed a unique feature characterizing the existence of God. While on the one hand, Gods presence can be felt by those who seek Him, people fail to gain the sight of God. The very fact that God is transcendent makes it, however, impossible for finite beings like us, with limited abilities comprehend the essence of his existence fully. Although God is known by a variety of names, He is essentially one and unique. He is a part of His creation, and this accounts for His unconditional love for the created beings of the earth. It is true that God is not merely an abstract idea that stays within the minds of the religious people, but it essentially is an omnipotent presence that at once resides within and without the human mind. An impressive feature that characterizes the existence of God, is that He lives within the Universe, and those who wish to feel, sense and mentally perceive him, can do so, and yet he is also outside the world. Otherwise, how can God protect us from outside if he is amongst us all in the same universe? However, while different religions have interpreted and construed God in different ways, He has been defined as the essence, the guiding force and the guardian of the world. The existence of God can be perceived everywhere, and His creation bears the best testimony to His existence. The harmonious way in which nature operates itself, by ushering in day after night, or by displaying the rich beauty of nature, Gods presence can be felt. I believe that it is the belief in the existence of an unquestionably benevolent God, that makes men to refer to the Almighty as the Father. God not only brings one to existence, but necessarily nurtures him, cares for him and protects him from all dangers, just like a father. The nature of God as the caring, loving Being is mostly strongly presented in the Christian theology. God is believed to be highly compassionate, kind and sensible to the needs of His son and daughters, and His Grace has the power to protect them from any danger. Since the attribu tes of omnipotence and omniscience are associated with God, God is believed to have all the strength and knowledge to destroy anything that is evil and unpleasant, and assure His children of all the happiness and comfort. A very important message about God that one can receive from the Bible, is that God is present among us, and no matter what, His presence can be anywhere among the natural objects of the world- the fountain, trees, storm, sea and the sky and the mountains. Reference List: Gericke, J., 2017.What is a God?: Philosophical Perspectives on Divine Essence in the Hebrew Bible. Bloomsbury Publishing. Peace, R., 2015.Contemplative Bible Reading: Experiencing God through Scripture. Wipf and Stock Publishers.

Distilling the Harms of Automated Decision Making †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Distilling the Harms of Automated Decision Making. Answer: The three identified problems are given below as follows. Automated decision making: This is the source of the problem which is related to application which will use information on previous students to recruit high school students. The example of harms of automated decision making is educational discrimination and stereotyped assumptions that are biased (Smith 2017). The fairness is at stake due to harms such as unfair harms it can have on recruitment of students. The students can have loss of opportunity, economic loss and social determinant. Training of model: This is the source of the problem which is related to model which will be trained on previous students to evaluate current students future success. The example of problem related to training of model is undesired complexity of model and cultural difference of students (Hardt 2014). The fairness is at stake due to the fact that interest of one student cannot predict the future success of another student. The suggestion for course based on the information of prior students will negatively impact the future of current students. Model analysis: This is the source of the problem which is related to the model that will be trained on previous students for recording their interest. The example of model analysis problem is that the data collected from prior students provide relevancy or not with the current students suggested course (Crawford 2013). The fairness is at stake due to the design of the model which shows that it can have inaccurate information. The students information can have errors which will give inaccurate result to the university to analyze the current students suggested course. References Crawford, K. 2013.The Hidden Biases in Big Data. [online] Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2013/04/the-hidden-biases-in-big-data [Accessed 22 Feb. 2018]. Hardt, M. 2014.How big data is unfair Moritz Hardt Medium. [online] Medium. Available at: https://medium.com/@mrtz/how-big-data-is-unfair-9aa544d739de [Accessed 22 Feb. 2018]. Smith, L. 2017.Unfairness by Algorithm: Distilling the Harms of Automated Decision-Making. [ebook] Washington, DC: Future of Privacy Forum, pp.1-8. Available at: https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/FPF-Automated-Decision-Making-Harms-and-Mitigation-Charts.pdf [Accessed 22 Feb. 2018].

Malthusian theory of population free essay sample

Thomas Malthus Theory of Population that was proposed more than two centuries ago, foretold the problems of food shortage that the world is facing today, due to uncontrolled increase in population. Thomas Robert Malthus was a British economist and a demographer, whose famous Theory of Population highlighted the potential dangers of overpopulation. Malthus put forth his ideas in six editions of his famous treatise An Essay on the Principle of Population. His thinking took shape under the influence of the optimistic ideas of his father and his friends especially Rousseau, for future improvement of the society. In the first edition of his treatise, Malthus put forth his views that opposed the belief of scholars like Marquis de Condorcet and William Godwin who were optimistic about population growth in England. During the Industrial Revolution, England experienced a steep increase in its population. In his book The Enquirer, William Godwin promoted population growth as a means for human beings to attain equality. We will write a custom essay sample on Malthusian theory of population or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page According to him, an increased population would create more wealth that would provide food for the whole humanity. Scholars of such school of thought believed that, both man and society could be made perfect. In contrast to this viewpoint, Malthus interpreted overpopulation as an evil that would reduce the amount of food available per person. The Theory: In his famous treatise An Essay on the Principles of Population, Malthus stated that, the populations of the world would increase in geometric proportions while the food resources available for them would increase only in arithmetic proportions. In simple words, if human population was allowed to increase in an uncontrolled way, then the number of people would increase at a faster rate than the food supply. A point would come when human population would reach the limit up to which food sources could not support it. Any further increase would lead to population crash caused by natural phenomena like famine or disease. According to him, human society could never be perfected. He believed that man is a lazy animal, who would lead a satisfied life and procreate as long as his family was well fed. However, as soon as human population would feel constraints in food supply due to increase in population, he would again work hard to provide enough for his family. This might lead to an increase in agricultural production to provide for all, but at the same time man would be back to his complacent stage, where all his needs would be fulfilled. This would start the cycle of overpopulation and food shortage, all over again. Having been a clergy, Malthus validated his theory on moral grounds that suffering was a way of making human beings realize the virtues of hard work and moral behavior. Such kind of suffering due to overpopulation and limited food supply was inevitable. Assumptions: Malthus took into account two main assumptions: †¢Food is an essential component for human existence. †¢Humans have the basic urge to multiply. Explanation: Malthus theory was based on the assumption that the power of population to multiply is much greater than the power of the earth to provide subsistence for man. In his own words passion between the sexes is an inevitable phenomenon, hence, when unchecked, population would grow at such a high rate that it would outstrip food supply. According to him, disease, food shortage and death due to starvation, were natures way to control population. He proposed that human beings adopt measures like infanticide, abortion, delay in marriage and strict following of celibacy to check population growth. Relation between Population, Wages and Inflation: Malthus described the whole scenario as a vicious cycle of population growth and its effects. He proposed that the boom in population will result into excess of labor force ready to work at the available wage rate, giving them the income to buy food for their family. This will lead to an increase in the overall demand for food outstripping its supply. Hence, the prices will rise and inflation will set in. This inflationary pressure will worsen the situation of the already distressed poor section of the society leaving the riches unaffected. The poor will work more to improve their situation and will also consider reducing the population growth so that they have less mouths to feed. However, this will only last till the population equals the food supply and the inflation ceases; after which, overall standard of living will rise and so will the population explosion reaching the same point, hence called the vicious cycle. Proposed Solutions: In his first edition of the essay, Malthus proposed two main solutions to the problem of population explosion, namely: †¢Positive Check This method results in increase in death rate. He described this as Gods way of restoring the Natural Order. It includes famines, hunger, epidemics, war and other natural miseries which cause large-scale deaths. Although it helps in controlling the population growth, it brings with it widespread misery and pain. Hence, it is not regarded as an ideal solution to population problem. †¢Preventive or Negative Check This method refers to human effort in reducing the birth rate. It is more practically and logically applicable. Abortion, prostitution, postponement of marriage, birth control and celibacy are few measures that were advised to be strictly followed in order to help solve the problem. In his second edition of the same essay, Malthus laid more emphasis on: Moral Restraint: This is regarded as a universally applicable solution keeping up with the ideologies of virtue, economic gain and social improvement. According to this principle, one should refrain from marriage till the time he is capable of supporting a family with food, clothing and shelter. Until then he should follow strict celibacy. In the words of Geoffrey Gilbert, He (Malthus) went so far as to claim that moral restraint on a wide scale was the best means indeed, the only means of easing the poverty of the lower classes. Impact: Malthus theory had great influence on both Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace, who are the co-founders of the modern evolutionary theory. In his own words Darwin acknowledged, that he was already aware of the struggle for existence among different species of plants and animals. However, it was only after he read Malthus work, he realized that animals in their struggle to survive retained the favorable features that would help them adjust to the environment, and lost those that were of no use to them. Thus, the Theory of Natural Selection was born. By the end of the 19th Century, when living standards improved and birth rates dropped in the Western countries, concerns of overpopulation became irrelevant. However, in underdeveloped countries which have agrarian economies, Malthus theory often finds credibility. Criticism: Some critics like Karl Marx, argued that Malthus failed to recognize the potential of human population to increase food supply. He is accused by many to have failed to comprehend mans ability to use science and technology to increase food supply to meet the needs of an increasing population. Thinkers from the field of social sciences have criticized Malthus for his belief that the human society could never be made perfect. He opposed all political, social and economic reforms that did not aim at controlling birth rate. His own methods of checking population growth were criticized for being impractical. Malthus was opposed to the Poor Laws popular in England, which provided relief to the people who qualified as poor under the laws. According to him, such charity would provide only short-term relief to them and let the poor remain in their state of financial distress. This thought of Malthus was viewed as misanthropic. From his writings, some have interpreted Malthus as a rigid and pessimistic individual. However, he is also viewed by some as a pragmatic thinker, who put a check on the unbridled enthusiasm of some who viewed increase in population as a means of progress.

Management systems in Marks and Spencers.

Management systems in Marks and Spencers. Systems For Management2.0 IntroductionThe organisation I have chosen to base my assignment on is Marks Spencer plc. Marks Spencer plc is a very large retailer of food and clothes, so I have decided to base this report on one particular branch that is based in Birmingham.Marks Spencer is one of the UK's leading retailers of clothes, food, home products and financial services. 10 million people shop with them each week in over 375 stores. In addition they have 155 stores managed under franchise in 28 territories mostly in Europe, the Middle East, Asia and the Far East, stores in the Republic of Ireland, nine wholly owned stores in Hong Kong and they own the US supermarket group, Kings Super Markets.The company values of quality, value, service, innovation and trust are not new - they are the principles on which the business was founded.English: Marks and Spencer store, Birmingham High ...Marks Spencer was first found in 1884, this was when Michael Marks formed a partnership with To m Spencer. In 1908 Michael and Tom registered the St. Michael trademark. Since 1908 the partners opened many stores in England and other countries.As one of the UK's leading retailers, Marks Spencer have annual sales in excess of $8 billion. The company employ's more than 60,000 people worldwide, operate more than 400 stores in 28 countries, and serve tens of millions of customers every week.The company's customers are people of middle to upper class. Regular customers at Marks Spencer are pensioners, these people don't mind paying vast amounts of money for their food and clothes.Marks Spencer attracts customers who have well paid jobs and that are of upper class. The company's customers are well off because they have good jobs and like what the company have...

The US Federal Minimum Wage

The US Federal Minimum Wage What is the current U.S. federal minimum wage? The answer to that question can be trickier than you might think.While the current US federal minimum wage was last set at $7.25 per hour on July 24, 2009, your age, type of employment, even where you live can alter the legal minimum hourly wage your employer is required to pay. What is the  Federal Minimum Wage Law? The federal minimum wage is established by and regulated under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (the FLSA). In its final form, the act applied to industries whose combined employment represented only about one-fifth of the US labor force. In these industries, it banned oppressive child labor and set the minimum hourly wage at 25 cents, and the maximum workweek at 44 hours. Who Must Pay the Federal Minimum Wage? Today, the minimum wage law (the FLSA) applies to employees of enterprises that do at least $500,000 in business a year. It also applies to employees of smaller firms if the employees are engaged in interstate commerce or in the production of goods for commerce, such as employees who work in transportation or communications or who regularly use the mails or telephones for interstate communications. It also applies to employees of federal, state or local government agencies, hospitals and schools, and it generally applies to domestic workers. Details of the Federal Minimum Wage The following details apply only to the the federal minimum wage, your state may have its own minimum wage rates and laws. In cases where state minimum wage rates differ with the federal rate, the higher minimum wage rate always applies.Current Federal Minimum Wage: $7.25 per hour (as of July 24, 2009) may vary under the following conditions: Younger Workers: If you are under 20 years of age, you may be paid as little as $4.25 per hour during your first 90 consecutive calendar days of employment. Students, Apprentices and the Disabled: Certain full-time students, student learners, apprentices, and workers with disabilities may be paid less than the minimum wage under special certificates issued by the US Department of Labor. Workers Who Earn Tips: Employers who allow workers to keep tips must pay a cash minimum wage of at least $2.13 per hour IF they claim a tip credit against their federal minimum wage obligation of $7.25 per hour. In other words, if your tips plus cash wages do not equal at least $7.25 per hour, your employer must make up the difference. Overtime Pay: Federal law requires payment of at least 1-and-1/2 times your regular rate of pay for all hours worked over 40 in a workweek. Child Labor: An employee must be at least 16 years old to work in most non-farm jobs and at least 18 to work in non-farm jobs declared hazardous by the Secretary of Labor.Persons 14 and 15 years old are allowed to work before or after school in some non-manufacturing, non-mining and non-hazardous jobs IF: They work no more than - 3 hours on a school day or 18 hours in a school week; 8 hours on a non-school day or 40 hours in a non-school week. Work may not begin before 7 a.m. or end after 7 p.m., except from June 1 through Labor Day, when evening hours are extended to 9 p.m. Different rules apply in agricultural employment. Other Special Exemptions: Under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA), executive, administrative, professional, and outside sales employees are exempted from the minimum wage and overtime requirements of the FLSA, provided they meet certain tests regarding job duties and responsibilities and are compensated on a salary basis. Minimum Wages in the States By law, states are allowed to establish their own minimum wages and regulations. However, anytime the state minimum wage differs from the federal minimum wage, the higher rate applies. For specifics and updates on the minimum wages and regulations in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, see: Minimum Wage Laws in the States from the U.S. Department of Labor. Enforcement of the Federal Minimum Wage Law The Wage and Hour Division of the U.S. Department of Labor administers and enforces the Fair Labor Standards Act and, thus, the minimum wage with respect to private employment, State and local government employment, and Federal employees of the Library of Congress, U.S. Postal Service, Postal Rate Commission, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. The FLSA is enforced by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management for employees of other Executive Branch agencies, and by the U.S. Congress for covered employees of the Legislative Branch.Special rules apply to state and local government employment involving fire protection and law enforcement activities, volunteer services, and compensatory time off instead of cash overtime pay.For information on enforcement of state minimum wages and other state labor laws, see: State Labor Offices/State Laws, from the US Department of Labor. To Report Suspected Violations Suspected violations are abuses of federal or state minimum wage laws should be reported directly to District Office of the U.S. Wage and Hour Division nearest you. For addresses and phone numbers, see: Wage and Hour Division District Office LocationsFederal law prohibits discriminating against or discharging workers who file a complaint or participate in any proceedings under the Fair Labor Standards Act.

Science and Religion Debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Science and Religion Debate - Essay Example Further, as backed philosopher such as Enstein and Aristotle, argued that only two sorts of things could illustrate the starting point of space, time, matter and vitality – either unique protests or brains and abstract articles dont result in impacts, yet psyches do reason impacts. In the film, Craig also asserts that a psyche is the best description for the beginning of the universe because of the outlandish adequacy of science, the underlying structure of nature is numerical – math is material to nature, mathematical items can either be theoretical articles or valuable fiction, either path, and that there is no motivation to want that nature ought to be connected to extract items or fictions. However, people need to understand that a perfect personality that needs people to comprehend nature is a finer demonstration for what we see due to the grandiose tweaking for the presence of wise life. Craig just like Descartes argues that there are two sorts of finely-tuned beg inning conditions because of Cosmological constants amounts which must be set inside a tight go so as to allow shrewd life, demonstrations for this perception and law, risk or configuration. Further, law is rejected on the grounds that they are placed in at the starting or matter – they dont rise up out of make a difference. He challenged Krauss by asserting that the chance must be rejected, in light of the fact that they chances are simply excessively long unless you engage a world-outfit because we dont watch what the world outfit theory predicts that we ought to watch and design is the best illustration for finely-tuned constants and amounts. Therefore, the presence of destination good values and obligations and our knowledge of ethical quality (qualities and obligations) is that it is genuine and occupant on us when somebody goes into a classroom and shoots at guiltless kids, that is impartially off. On naturalism, good values and good obligations

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 63

Leadership - Essay Example ccording to Zenger and Folkman, the plan action method works when our leadership performances are not encouraging, hence we ought to apply the action plan method to the issue and try to improve our performances. The approach to change the plans suggested by Zenger and Folkman is also known as the Linear Development Model. This model gives the current performance which determines the performance we desire in the future. The future performance gives our customers and those we lead the confidence in our profession and organizations. (Zenger and Folkman, 2009, p. 196) Secondly, we are educated on how we can approach development. The plans used in this case are the linear plans. The book focuses on helping leaders to change from poor performance to better one. The linear plan is a unique perspective that helps us to change and develop our leadership skills for better performance in the organization. However, Zenger and Folkman hit a warning to us trying to apply exceptional changes on explicit competences. This might hinder our leadership improvement as they say (Zenger and Folkman, 2009, p.217). In conclusion, the above plans suggested by Zenger and Folkman, might be effective and useful perspectives in improving our leadership skills. If well applied, the linear plan and the action plan new insights and approaches to better leadership skills which definitely improve the performance of the

Westerns :: essays research papers

Westerns The settlement of the west has prompted storys which have captivated the public throughout this century. More than any other historic event it has been written about in books, magazines and comic books. Screen writers are no exception, it has been the most popular subject of motion pictures from their inception. It's nearness in history is one of the most important reasons for it's success. Soon after the west's settlement, motion pictures became popular. Parents and grandparents were telling stories that were made even more real by the events seen on the big screen. A person could much more easily imagine events occuring within the past 50 years or so as compared to 150 years with the revolution. This nearness in history gave stories of the west a realistic appeal for the masses. With the turn of the century came the industrial revolution. At this time the average person's life changed radically. People now became "factory workers," clocking in and leaving their brains at the door. The glamour offered by these stories gave the majority of people a short escape from the everyday "grind." People were able to ride off into the sunset for a few hours becoming a rugged individual who makes a difference as opposed to the faceless body that may turn one screw hour after hour. Storylines variety was endless for the west's story tellers. Any story could be written and placed as a western. The love interest, hated villian and old enemy all fit in a western. If a writer did not want to take the time to develop an enemy, one was readily available in the native americans. The wests stories can be varied by switching points of view as

Geographical Discoveries

Great geographical discoveries – a popular term geographical discoveries made at the turn of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, in particular: circumnavigation Cape of Good Hope by Diaz (1488), the discovery of America by Columbus (1492), and then the conquest, trip [[Vasco da Gama | to India (1498) and the first trip around the world, Magellan (1519-1522). These events triggered a further voyages of discovery and contributed to a significant widening of the geographical horizon of Europeans. Expedition of Christopher Columbus Rulers of Spain, they realized that they begin to lose the distance to Portugal, which definitely lead the quantity organized expeditions. But so far Spain was busy fighting with the Arabs, who defended her at the last stronghold – Grenada. When in 1492 the Saracens were expelled from the Iberian peninsula, Ferdinand and Isabella agreed to finance the expedition, which presented them with a description of the Genoese Christopher Columbus. The traveler asked the first king of Portugal. Presented a plan aimed at shipping on the west and in accordance with the map of Ptolemy, after crossing the Atlantic to reach Asia. However, not met with favor. With the same plan, asked the king of Spain. Under the agreement, written by Columbus from the royal couple: Columbus was appointed for life admiral, governor and viceroy of the newly discovered lands. 1 / 10 of income from the newly discovered land was to belong to Columbus, the rest of the royal treasury. In return, Columbus promised to cover 1 / 8 the cost of the expedition. The rest covered the royal couple. And the expedition of Christopher Columbus (1492-1493) The expedition set sail on August 3, 1492 from the port of Palos de la Frontera. The first stage of the journey were previously discovered the Canary Islands, then Columbus sailed along the 28 parallel to the west. The crew, consisting of about 90 people after 3 weeks of shipping began to rebel, when it turned out that you can not see land. 29. 09. Columbus in his diary wrote that it was rebellion. 11. 10. Columbus erected ultimatum – if within 24 hours will not see the land has ordered outflow. Fortunately for Kolumba12 October after three months of the expedition, when the entire crew of the ship was already tired and actually threatened Columbus's death, Juan Rodriguez Bermejo saw the crow's nest land. The expedition landed on the island probably Watling (called Guanahani by the Indians), a small island group of the Bahamas. In the natives pointed gold ornaments. Interviewed about their origin indicated the direction to the south. Judging from this that lies to the north of the mainland, Columbus chose a new course to the southwest. Indians called the island's inhabitants. October 28 Columbus arrived in Cuba, then on December 6 found another island of Haiti / Hispaniola and the smaller islands, which he called Isabella and Fernandina in honor of the royal couple. Then there was a crisis – in late January and February turned out that the admiral ship sank and the Santa Maria, Columbus ordered the return to their homeland. In March 1493, two ships returned to Palos. Second expedition of Christopher Columbus (1493 – 1494) September 25, 1493, the expedition set off another. This time the expedition better equipped, numbering more ships (about 15, the number of crew: about 1750). The expedition lasted 1. 5 years. This time, Columbus chose a more southern route, and thus reached land in the area of the Lesser Antilles. Subsequently discovered the island of Dominica, Marie – Galante, Guadeloupe, Antigua and Puerto Rico. Nov. 22 Columbus arrived in Haiti again, to see that the people left there, no one survived. How domyslono, all perished in the struggle with the natives. In the longer journey Columbus sailed along the southern coast of Cuba and discovered Jamaica. However, the absolute gggaaaTymczasem proceeding to Columbus alienated a large part of his crew. Discouraged many hardships and lack of legendary riches separated themselves from the trip and started searching on your own. Others returned to Spain, choking many complaints on Columbus. Influenced by the enemies of Columbus postulated to take privileges granted to him earlier, and in his place appointed royal governor of the newly discovered lands. In this situation, Columbus on March 19 headed back to Spain, where he arrived June 11. At the court managed to clear himself of the charges against him, obtained a confirmation of earlier privileges and the promise of organizing the next, the third expedition. Third expedition of Christopher Columbus (1498 – 1500) Another, already the third expedition took place in 1498 on her organization had to wait so much, because it failed to fully restore confidence in what it darzono. In fact, only during this expedition, Christopher Columbus saw the mainland. It was South America, but that's when fate turned away from Columbus. Columbus autocratic favor of his people, in particular his son – Diego. She came to the undoubted frustration at the lack of major economic successes and difficulties expeditions in relations with the natives. Just as during the second expedition, news arrived of the problems to the crown. Meanwhile, it was decided to act more decisively. In June 1500 sent to the west of Francis Bobadilla, which were endowed with wide powers of attorney. After reviewing the situation in Haiti, he ordered arrest of Columbus and his son, and shackled to send them to Spain. At the Columbus site again managed to clear themselves of charges and return to the graces of the royal pair. The result was a fourth and last expedition of Columbus to America. IV expedition of Christopher Columbus (1502 -1504) May 9, 1502 flotilla of four ships and 150 crew company Columbus went west again. This time the situation was urgent. In the meantime, Vasco da Gama discovered the route to India around the African continent. Columbus urgently needed was a success proving that the road to the west is shorter, more comfortable and safer. Columbus's intention was to find the transition to water, which eventually took him to lead India. He expected to go to the west of Cuba. There was headed in his expedition. Flowing in this direction reached the coasts of Honduras and the Mosquito Coast on the east coast of Nicaragua. There, the natives learned about the â€Å"rich kingdoms† (Mayan civilization, and perhaps even the Inca Empire) and the â€Å"great sea† (Pacific Ocean), which lies further west, but despite strenuous attempts failed to find a water passage to the reservoir. Having lost two of the four ships, resigned to return to Cuba, then to Jamaica. There he was forced to settle the remaining ships aground. Materials originating in the damaged ships were used for the construction of fortified settlements. One of the companions of Columbus, Diego Mendez, the Indian boats set off for help survivors. But it was only after months wandering managed to get to Haiti, where he brought help. In the meantime Columbus was seriously ill and in such condition were transported him to Spain, where he arrived November 25, 1504. Summary of accomplishments of Christopher Columbus Given what Columbus has to say that the end of his life was tragic. After returning from the expedition moved to fourth place Vailadolid seriously ill, and having almost the status of a beggar. He died on May 20, 1506 was actually not knowing that he discovered America. He was convinced that came to Japan, to China, to India, and the mainland, which he saw during the third expedition he considered the biblical paradise. Meanwhile, the Portuguese and Spaniards, and realized that Columbus did not reach India, and discovered a new land. Another version of the last years of his life of Columbus presents a mysterious manuscript of Puri, according to which Columbus had died many years later and still take one-fifth trip to the West Indies. The authenticity of this source is given, however, questioned by most scholars Ferdinand Magellan (port. Fernao de Magalhaes, Spanish. Fernando de Magallanes, born. In the spring of 1480, as amended. April 27, 1521) – Portuguese sailor in the service of the Spanish maritime explorer and adventurer. He called the Pacific Ocean (Pacific). September 20, 1519 set out from Portugal by the western, or by the Atlantic Ocean to the Spice Islands in the Malay Archipelago. The expedition, which sailed under his command as the first circumnavigated the Earth. He died on April 27 killed by the inhabitants of the island of Mactan in the Philippine Archipelago Christopher Columbus (born 25 August or 31 October 1451 in Genoa (Italy) – died. May 20, 1506 in Valladolid, cat Cristofor Colom, owned by Cristoforo Colombo, Spanish. Cristobal Colon) – European sailor and navigator (probably Catalan by recent discoveries), captain of the expedition, which flowed on the three ships Santa Maria, Nina and Pinta under the flag of Castile in search of the western sea route to India, as the first in the history of geographical discoveries of modern beat tropical Atlantic Ocean and 12 October 1492 reached the West Indies (Antilles ) off the coast of America – the continent at that time unknown in Europe. Was appointed as admiral and made the first governor of the Spanish colonies in Central America, the organizer and master of four transatlantic discovery expeditions from Spain to America. Diaz used the discovery of Vasco da Gama. In 1497 another expedition was launched. Da Gama sailed around the Cape of Good Hope and headed towards Asia. Docked in the port of Calicut in India. Returned to the country in 1499 along with a large cargo of gold and spices. The country welcomed him enthusiastically. Maritime route to India became a reality. No wonder that the success of this expedition had a big impact naorganizowanie next. Henry the Navigator Portugal at least because of its location lent itself perfectly to the base for ocean expeditions. Despite the advantages of geographical location odegralaby probably not such a role in the great geographical discoveries, if not enthusiasm and dedication to Prince Henry (1394-1460) Henry called Sailor. After the conquest by the Portuguese in 1415 On the Moroccan coast Ceutry Henry was convinced that further expansion in Africa will bring great benefits. Counting on profits from trading gold, slaves, ivory, and pepper. With his support along the western coast of Cape Sangres organized a sort of database connection with the research center, where he collected all the geographical and navigational data and worked on the construction of sailing ships. For seventy years the Portuguese sailing ships were moving farther and farther south along the African coast, reaching successive headlands: Nun, Bojador, Blanco and 1445 Green Cape. During these expeditions the Portuguese discovered and colonized offshore islands and archipelagos – Madeira, the Canary Islands, Cape Verde. They assumed a fortified factories on the coast. And as it turned out that gold is less in Africa than they hoped, they took a more profitable procedere, the slave trade. EXPEDITIONS: WYPRARY PORTUGUESE: -Henry the Navigator – Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, crossed the equator in 1471r. , -Bartholomew Diaz – 1488r . – Busz Cape (Cape of Good Hope), Vasco da Gamma– the road to India along the coast of Africa (1497-1498), SPANISH EXPEDITION: Christopher Columbus – the discovery of America (12. 10. 1942r), Hispaniola (Haiti), Cuba and others (1492), Lesser Antilles, the Coast of Central America and South America (1493-1503); -Amerigo Vespucci – realized that America is a new continent (from his name, name); -Ferdinand Magellan – (1519-1522) circumnavigation of the Earth (Magellan Strait, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Borneo) – died in 1521r. In the Philippines, an expedition Sebastian del Cano finished; – Francis Drake (English) – and the circumnavigation of South America (the world); CIVILIZATIONS AND SOUTH CENTRAL AMERICA: Maya: V w. n. e. – The beginnings of civilization in the areas of Central America (Yucatan plw. ) with its capital in Majapan; Economy: -Wypaleniskowa (incandescent), -Grown: beans, wheat, -Craft, art, the pyramid; -Religion based on the sun-god cults, rites – human sacrifice; -Totalitarian power, absolute, hereditary; -The principal adviser to the ruler – the high priest; -Did not know the wheel or arc; -Calendar (365 days divided into 18 months); -Developed astronomy; -Know the time (to understand this concept) decimal system; Were aware of the layout of digits; The Aztecs: The thirteenth century – the beginnings of civilization in the areas of Mexico today, with its capital in Tenochtitlan; -Developed economy; -Grown: tomatoes, cotton, cocoa; -Money: cocoa beans or golden sand; -Tools more advanced than the Mayans; -Construction: the temples; -Ruler chosen from among the administrative units; -Bloody rituals, wor ship of the sun: 1489 – 250 thousand were killed. people as victims of ritual, such as skinned, pulling beating hearts; -Took over the Mayan calendar; Incas: Fifteenth century origins of civilization in the areas of Peru; -Cult of the sun and moon; -A highly developed economy, -Machu Picchu, -Crafts (ornaments of gold); -Totalitarian state, absolute power; -The interests of the subordinated interests of the state; -Residents could not travel to other parts of the country; Courier-Mail (16 thousand. Km of roads) Knotted-letter; -Developed surgery and herbal medicine, hypnosis; 1519r. – Hispanic – Cortez Aztec civilization znieszczenie; XVI – the destruction of the Incas – Izarro;

Tourists Bali Informants - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 19 Words: 5742 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Tourism Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? 2.2Results and Discussions This section presents the results and discussions of the study, which consists of the results of descriptive data from qualitative approach. It also presents the discussions based on the research findings and relates them with possible reasons based on the secondary data or literature review. The findings are based on data sources from qualitative data conducted by the researcher. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Tourists Bali Informants" essay for you Create order The purpose of this section is to answer the objectives of the study, which is to determine the tourist perception towards cultural events in Bali and to explore the motivation of people visiting Bali, especially for its culture. 2.2.1Level of Interest Level of interest of tourist can be determined as one of the factor that influencing people to choose the particular destination. According to the Rapaports (1975) theory about factor that influencing the customer behaviors which can motivate them to go to the destination. It elaborated through this following topic. 2.2.1.1Sources about Bali From the in-depth interviews informants conducted, all the informants have ever heard about Bali before. Based on how informants get to know Bali, there are several sources. Most of the informants know Bali from word of mouth from informant’s family and friends. On the other hand, for Indonesian respondent, they know Bali since they were attend school. Beside that, the remaini ng publicity is from media, like television, books, magazines, brochures; as well as through internet, include travel website. For example informants mentioned that their relatives’ experiences and stories about Bali is one of the reasons that make the respondents go to Bali, below are the statements of informants: â€Å"†¦I will go there. Because my friend told me that the place is nice and the culture is very unique† (French informant/A.4) â€Å"†¦I heard it from my parents, because my parents had their honeymoon there, and they said it was really beautiful island† (Singaporean informant/A.10) 2.2.1.2Attending Balinese Cultural Event Tourists; who never been and have been to Bali before; indicated that five informants have high interest in attending cultural events in Bali, otherwise there is three informants said that they might be interested in attending cultural events. And the remaining two informants do not have interest in attending cultural events. According to Morgan (1996), the respondent answers of ‘maybe’ could be a huge potential if these respondents can be converted to ‘interested’ respondents. In Morgan’s model for decision making, it categorized into 5 main steps, such as: Problem recognition (don’t know market) Information search (maybe market) Evaluation of alternatives Choice of purchase Evaluation of post-purchase experience As for the maybe market, marketers can use advertisements to create the need for attending the cultural events by sending mails or using media like distributing materials that have information on the cultural events to create their awareness. Findings from interviews by looking at their age group of traveler indicated that most of the traveler that interested in Balinese cultural events is older traveler, whereas four informants said that attending cultural events is one of their purposes of traveling to Bali and the remaining informantsaid not really interest to attend cultural events. One of the informants thought that people who attended the cultural events will have a better understanding about the Balinese tradition, which can see his/her statements below: â€Å"†¦as I told you before I want to learn more about their Balinese tradition through their cultural events† (Indonesian informant/B.6) Other respondents thought that differences of cultural events be tween their country of origin and Bali makes them interested to attend the cultural event in Bali. â€Å"†¦I’m quite interested with Balinese culture event, because their event is very different with our Japanese cultural events†. (Japanese informant/B.7) Meanwhile for younger traveler; only one respondent interested in Balinese cultural events. Another one informant said that he/she will not attend the cultural events in Bali because he/she does not have any interest in culture. The remaining three informants stated that attending cultural events in Bali is not a main purpose but they might decide to attend when they are in Bali. One of respondent of young traveler stated that she might attend the cultural event because she curious about it. â€Å"†¦but I’m just a bit curious for their cultural dances. So maybe I’ll attend there. (Singaporean informant/A.10) Based on the type of cultural events which respondents have the intenti on to attend, it indicated that six informants show high interest in their intention to attend a cultural festival rather than cultural dances. They mentioned their interest in cultural festival, such as Nyepi, Ngaben, Temple Festival, and Tooth Filling. Most of them interested to attend the Nyepi festival. For example, some informants describe Nyepi festival as seen below: â€Å"†¦ I heard that during Nyepi, everyone have to stay in their house and doing nothing, only pray to their god. My friend said that Bali is like a death island while Nyepi†. (Malaysian informant/B.3) â€Å"†¦ I heard that it only happens once a year. It is a day that whole of Bali Island remains silent.† (Malaysian informant/A.5) â€Å"†¦As a visitor in Bali, we have to stay at their hotel, because the community asked the visitor who stays in Bali should be obey with the rule of their tradition. No one will be hanging around and there is no activity during Nyepi.† (Indonesian informant/B.6) The other four informants refer to attend cultural dances rather than cultural festival. All of them interested to attend the famous â€Å"Kecak† dance. One of them describe Kecak dance as seen below: â€Å"†¦ the famous Monkey dance which as I know also known as Kecak dance.† (French informant/A.4) 2.2.1.3 Sources about Balinese Cultural Event In terms of the sources on how the informants know about cultural event in Bali, it indicated that most of the informants said that they ever heard about Balinese cultural event from school or college. They said that they have been learned it before. The statements regarding with sources as seen below: â€Å"†¦From school, I knew it from my geography teacher.† (Indonesian informant/A.8) â€Å"†¦I heard from my lecture.† (Malaysian informant/A.5) Beside that, the others also mentioned on how they know about cultural event in Bali such as the recommend ations from friends, as well as a print publications like magazines, brochure, and travel books. As for the international tourists, internet and travel agents are the common sources on how they discover about the Balinese cultural events. Discussion: According to Picard (1996), Bali is one of the primary destinations in Indonesia, and well-known as an international destination, whereby most of the respondents said that they ever heard about Bali before. Even some of them do not really know about Balinese culture, but they still recognize Bali as one of the famous tourist attraction in the world. Regarding on how the informants know about Bali, it indicated that word of mouth from friends and family’s references is one of the source as well as influence them to travel to Bali. Based on the Rapaports (1975) and Morgan (1996) theory of social influences on customer behavior, reference group is the most influencing way on how they discover about the destination. Family a nd friends are called ‘primary reference group’ which is a group who influence the behavior to whom they come into close contact; by sharing their experiences about the destination. Most of them reveal that they want to go Bali because of good experiences from their relatives. Tourism is become the largest economy’s industry in Bali, especially its cultural tourism. A Balinese cultural event is one of major tourist activities as well as a tourist attraction. Therefore most of the informants; both tourists who never been and have been to Bali before; have a high interest in attending the cultural events in Bali. By looking at their age group categories, research findings indicated that older traveler is more interested to attend the cultural events rather than the younger traveler. Younger travelers might decide to attend, but attending the cultural event is not their purpose to go to Bali. On the other hand, older travelers reveal that attending cultural ev ent is one of their main purposes to visit Bali. Firstly, there is a cultural arts-core for a tourist who has interest in culture and seen cultural event as primary element and attends the cultural event is a main purpose. Some of the older traveler categories into this level of interest in attend the cultural event. Secondly, cultural arts-incidental is for a tourist who seen a cultural event less important than other attraction but could be either attraction or an amenity, and attend the cultural event is their secondary purpose. Most of the older traveler is under this category, where they points out that attending cultural events is one of their purpose but not their main purpose. Cultural arts-accidental is for a tourist who view cultural events may not be an attraction but an amenity, but they might be interest in attending a cultural event. Most of the younger traveler is under this category. They might be interested in cultural event, but attending the cultural events is not their purpose. Lastly, Non-cultural art is for a tourist who not interested in culture, they also do not seen cultural events as an attraction or amenity, attending cultural events is not their purpose and they will not attend it. One respondent of younger traveler is under this category, where he/she revealed that he/she does not have interested in any cultural event. Based on the type of cultural events that the respondents have intention to attend, most of them intend in attending cultural festival rather than cultural dances, with Nyepi festival as their preferable festival that they want to attend. According to Ida Bagus Rata (2004), Nyepi festival has made Bali a unique island as well as a day to make and keep the balance of nature. He points out that Nyepi represents the suspension of all activity in the island preliminary to chasing out the evil vibration that has accumulated during the year. This is followed by a day of absolute silence, the suspension of all acti vity, from which the ceremony takes its name. Nyepi marks the New Year. On Nyepi, the tourists are not allowed to step aside of their hotel. All activity should remain inside the hotel. Even though most of the respondents have not attend this festivals before, but their knowledge about the description on how the Nyepi festival held is relatively in a correct way. Kecak dance is the most well-known dances in Bali (Seminar on Tourism,1977). Therefore most of the respondent who interested in cultural dance mentioned that Kecak dance is the cultural dance that they want to attend. But they can not describe on what the dance about. One of the respondent only can mentioned about Monkey dance which Kecak is also known as. The source of how the respondent knows about Balinese cultural dance mostly is from school and college. The others also mentioned about word of mouth from friends and family; mass media like newspaper, magazines, brochures; internet and also information from the tra vel agents. Therefore marketers need to take notes of the implication here. If the local or domestic market is targeted, they should create more awareness by using an attractive advertisement materials as well as articles. As for the international market, they should update and maintained the tourism board as well as travel website by spreading the information on cultural events which had happened as well as the future events. Distribution channels and networking are essential for international tourists due to their high dependence on tour operator and travel agents. It is important to create awareness for international tourist, so they can discover the unique points of the unusual cultural events in Bali. 2.2.2Motivational Factor Beside the level of interest, those theories on tourists’ travel motivation that have been discussed in literature review part is can be helpful in this study to identify the Balinese cultural events as one of the motivational factor for to urist to travel to Bali. Therefore, these following topics have been elaborate to explore the tourist motivations travel to Bali. 2.2.2.1Reason Tourist Traveling to Bali Based on the reason on why people want travel to Bali, most of the informants revealed that they prefer go to Bali because of the famous beaches there. For example, some of the informants thought that the beautiful beaches in Bali is one of the reasons why they want to travel there, below are the statements of respondents: â€Å"†¦and I also want to see their beach, because many people says that Bali have a beautiful beaches† (Indonesian informant/B.1) â€Å"†¦because Bali have beautiful beaches† (Korean informant/A.2) Beside the famous Bali beaches, the other informants also mentioned that the unique Balinese culture and attractive tourist attraction; friendliness of local people; and their interest in shopping, especially local art market, is also the reasons that affect them to go traveling to Bali. One of the respondents thought that shopping in Balinese local art market is cheap, which can see their statement below: â€Å"†¦because I want to see their famous cheap art market.† (Indonesian informant/B.1) 2.2.2.2Purpose of Trip As for the tourist that been to Bali, most of the informants reveal that the purpose of their trip to Bali mostly is for holiday with family or friends. One of the informants stated that his/her purpose is for business trips like seminar, training and also research purposes. â€Å"I have a lot of purposes, because there are different purposes each of my trip, such as vacation, training, seminar, and business trip or doing some research there.† (Indonesian informant/B.6) 2.2.2.3Other Factors that Motivate Tourist to Bali Besides culture, the factors those motivate informants to go to Bali is to experience their natural attraction like beaches or mountains. Most of them revealed that they want to experience the beach activities; like surfing; below are the statements of respondents: â€Å"Their beaches for surfing! I like surfing.† (French informant/A.4) â€Å"The beach, surfing and the people. I heard that is what Bali’s famous for.† (Malaysian informant/A.5) â€Å"Their natural attraction, especially beaches. I like the wave, it’s good for surfing!† (Singaporean informant/A.10) Findings from interviews by looking at their age group of traveler indicated that most of the younger traveler revealed that the factor that motivated them to go to Bali is to experience the beach activities; like surfing; because as they know Bali is one of the famous destinations for surfing. In terms of the other factors that motivate some of the informants, beside culture, is indicated to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Bali; friendliness of local people; shopping activities; for example one of informants thought his/her motivate factors is for relaxation to escape for the daily life routine activities, as seen below: â€Å"I’ll go there for relax and also to release my stress for daily routine, especially from my work.† (Malaysian informant/B.3) Discussion: The push and pull concept provides reasons as to why people travel. According to, Dann (1977), people are pushed into making travel decisions by internal forces. The other is that they are pulled into travel decisions by external forces such as destination attributes. In other words, push motivation is an internal factor from an individual and increases the desire for people to travel, whereas pull motivation is an external factor that influences people travel which cues of a specific destination that pull people to realize the needs of particular travel experiences, such as natural and historic attractions, food, people, recreation facilities, and marketed image of the destination. Therefore by looking at the reasons on why people traveling to Bali; it indicated that most of the informants will go to Bali to enjoy the natural attraction in Bali. Whereby according to Dann (1977), natural attraction in Bali; like their beaches; is one of the major pull factors that influence people to go traveling to Bali. The other reasons that some of the informants mentioned that influence them to go to Bali such as the uniqueness of Balinese culture; the friendliness of local people; and shopping activities. Here, all the reasons also can be categories into the pull factors. According to Crompton (1979), he points out that the pull motivations help illustrate the actual destination choice, which related to this findings on the reasons why people choose Bali as destination to travel. Regarding on the purpose of trip that tourists that been to Bali before, most of the informants said that their main purpose is for holiday or leisure time. One of the informants also stated the other purpose is for business purpose. Coltman (1930) exp lained the factors that create a person’s desire to travel; purpose of people to travel; which have been categories into two; such as motivation that related to the destination and not related (Coltman, 1930). Here, most of the informants though that holiday as their main purpose, which can be fall under motivation related to the destination, into the leisure time escape category; that makes tourist to escape from their daily activities, or merely to have a new experience. In contrary, for business purpose can be categories into the motivation not related to the destination. It means that it can give people no choice about going to that destination instead of some others. Tourists’ purposes can be determined as push factor. Push factor is an internal energy to an individual and increases the desire for people to travel. Crompton (1979) mentioned that the push factor have been useful in explaining the desire for travel. It includes the desire for escape, novelty seek ing, adventure seeking, dream fulfillment, rest and relaxation, health and fitness, prestige, and socialization. According to the findings, most of the informants reveal that their push factor is to enjoy the holiday with family and friends, which can be categories into the desire for escape, as well as socialization. By looking at the other factors, beside culture, that motivate the informants to visit Bali, such as to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Bali; to relax with friends and family; the friendliness of local people; and shopping activities. According to Gahan and Martin (1993) and Mohr et al. (1993), the informants’ motivations for people visit Bali mostly for escape; inverse in routine daily life activities by enjoying the scenery. It followed by socialization and family togetherness (enjoying themselves being with family and friends); excitement (surfing) and event novelty (shopping). Attending cultural events is under the event novelty, where tourist is experienc ing something new and different things because of the uniqueness. 2.2.3Tourists perception Basically, tourist perception is related to motivation tourist, which can influence traveler’s decision making to travel to the particular destination. To prove that there is a connection between tourist perception and motivation factors, this study explored the various tourist perceptions towards Bali as a tourist destination, as well as their perceptions about Balinese cultural events. 2.2.3.1Perception about Bali In terms of tourist’s perception about Bali, most of the informants frequently called Bali as a beautiful island, which famous and well-known as international destination. They also stated that Bali is a nice place for relaxation. Some of the informants also thought about Bali with their friendly local people and the wide variety of tourist activities; such as surfing; where some informants mentioned that Bali is famous as surfing destination in the wor ld. Below are the informants’ statements: â€Å"In my opinion, Bali is the island that has been notified by international tourist as one of the beautiful Islands in the world. It is famous as one of the best surfing destination in the world.† (French informant/A.4) â€Å"To me, Bali is a surfing paradise,†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Malaysian informant/A.5) Beside that, some of the informants comments about Bali as an island that rich in culture and historical background, as seen below: â€Å"I heard that there’s also a lot of history and tales about the Island, which also famous with their uniqueness of culture.† (Malaysian informant/A.5) â€Å"I think Bali is very unique, especially their culture with a strong tradition; where everybody who stays in Bali should obey to their tradition† (Indonesian informant/ B.6) The uniqueness of Balinese art and handicraft; with cheaper price in the local art market; as some informants thought that Bali a s shopping spree paradise. Below are their statements: â€Å"Bali has their own beautiful handicraft with their unique design.† (Indonesian informant/B.1) â€Å"I love it, like for shopping it’s very cheap there, especially their art traditional market.† (Indonesian informant/B.9) By looking at the age of informants, most of the older traveler indicates that their opinion about Bali as a nice place for relaxing from the daily life routine, as they thought Bali is a peaceful place. In contrary, for younger traveler, their perception about Bali is an exciting destination, with a lot of activities that they can experience there; doing something stimulating; especially their beach activities. Some of younger traveler thought that beaches in Bali are fantastic and a one of the famous destination for surfing activities. 2.2.3.2Perception about Balinese Cultural Event In terms of the perceptions of tourists toward cultural event, most of the informants r evealed that Balinese cultural event has a unique attraction which very attractive. Some of the informants stated that the cultural event in Bali is unique because different with any other culture; especially for foreign tourist, whereby they revealed that it different between Balinese culture and the culture in their country of origin; below are the statements of informants: â€Å"It’s very unique, and quite different with Malaysian culture, especially their festival, like Nyepi.† (Malaysian informant/B.3) â€Å"†¦as I know their culture is very interesting and a lot of traditional dance and festival that very different from my country.† (French informant/A.4) Some of the informants also mentioned other perceptions about Balinese cultural event have a strong connection with their belief or religion, as well as their tradition, which make their cultural events’ as a sacral and very spiritual (mystic). â€Å"Their cultural event is very r eligious and sacral. Whatever it is, dances or festivals, they always connected with their religion and beliefs.† (Indonesian informant/B.1) â€Å"I think it also a bit mystic.† (Indonesian informant/B.9) â€Å"I felt a bit freaky because it’s very mystic as well as magical.† (Singaporean informant/A.10) Other informants indicated on how the Balinese community performs’ the cultural events in Bali. Some of them thought that the cultural event, especially Balinese cultural dance, is very attractive, energetic and also powerful. â€Å"I think it’s very beautiful, and also the performance was very energetic and powerful!† (Indonesian informant/B.9) â€Å"I think it’s quite interesting and energetic†¦. and they dance with the powerful music.† (Singaporean informant/A.10) For the cultural festival, one informant commented on the way they celebrate it which is family-oriented. â€Å"In my opinion, ità ¢â‚¬â„¢s very family-oriented; it’s good, because even though they don’t have enough money, the Balinese community will be collecting money from their big family to hold their tradition as cultural event.† (Indonesian informant/B.6) Discussion: According to the findings, the tourists’ perceptions towards Bali as one of the most enchanting and well-known travel destination in the world, because of the physical beauty of the island and its natural attraction like their nice beaches. According to Picard (1996), therefore Bali is seen by tourists as the â€Å"Ultimate Island†. Other than the beauty of their natural attraction, some of the informants also revealed that Bali as an island with rich of culture and strong religious tradition. For that reason, Bali is also known as the â€Å"Island of God†, where Hinduism belief influences most of the cultural aspect in Balinese community (Picard, 1996). The tourists’ perception toward Bali is predominantly characterized by the reasons on why people traveling to Bali; and factors that motivates them. Based on Crompton (1979), it shows that there is a connection between the tourist perception about a destination and tourist motivations to travel to the destination. He points out that tourist perception on the particular destination can influence traveler’s decision making in choosing a destination. Therefore tourists’ perception about Bali also can be categorized as the Pull factors based on Dann’s theory (Dann,1977). Regarding the tourists’ perception toward the Balinese cultural events in general, the study indicates that most of informants thought that Balinese cultural event is attractive and very unique, which different with other culture. Other than the uniqueness of cultural event in Bali, some of the informants thought that Balinese cultural events have a strong connection with their religion and spiritual indeed. According to Picard (1996), the cultural and religious are interwoven in Bali. He also stated that tourism in Bali cannot be conceived apart from Balinese culture. In fact, tourism is become the largest economy’s industry in Bali, with cultural tourism is one of the major aspects that contributed to the industry. In terms of the perceptions’ towards characteristics of Balinese cultural events, most of the informants described the cultural dance in Bali is energetic and powerful; and for the cultural festival some of the informants thought that it is family-oriented. By looking at the tourists’ perceptions about cultural events shows the level of understanding and knowledge of the informants toward the Balinese cultural events. Even they do not have a clear perspective in terms of knowledge, but the study shows the good opinion toward Balinese cultural events. Based on the Gahan and Martin (1993), the tourist perceptions’ on a particular event can influence tour ist behavior for attending the events. This study shows that good perceptions’ of tourist toward Balinese cultural event will influence them to attend the cultural events; where majority of the informants indicates their interest to attend the cultural event in Bali. 2.2.4Tourist experience Motivation tourist is related to their intention of visiting the particular destination, which also influence by their perception toward the destination. Tourist experienced the destination to meets their expectation. This can be determined by knowing how their travel behavior during the trip, such as their satisfaction level, destination that they visited, as well as the frequency of visiting Bali. 2.2.4.1Satisfaction of Trip From the qualitative study conducted to the informants that been to Bali before, all of the informant shows that they have a high satisfaction level while their trip to Bali. Most of the informants reveal that they enjoy the scenery and tourist attraction s in Bali, especially the scenery of beaches. â€Å"Yes, because the scenery and the beach is very attractive. I really enjoy it.† (Indonesian informant/A.8) â€Å"I really enjoyed it with my friends and family, especially when I looked at the scenery during sunset! It’s really beautiful.† (Indonesian informant/B.9) Other than that, one of the informants thought that he/she satisfied with the trip because of the price is cheap, like for accommodation, as well as public transportation. â€Å"And my trip is very satisfied! Because it’s very cheap there, the air is fresh and no pollution! The accommodation is also cheap. I stayed near by the Nusa Dua beach. For the transportation, the taxi rate is so cheap.† (Japanese informant/B.7) 2.2.4.2Destination Visited In terms of the destinations visited, the study indicated that Kuta area is the most popular destination for tourist. Beside that, some of the informants stated that Ubud, Nusa Dua, and Kintamani, as the other destinations that they visited during the trip. Denpasar is the main gateways in Bali; where known as the place of Ngurah Rai International airport of Bali; therefore most of the informants mentioned Denpasar as one of the place that they have been visited. 2.2.4.3Experience for Attending Cultural Event By looking at the tourists’ experience for attending the cultural events, from five informants, four informants had been attend the cultural event in Bali, and only one informant that did not attend. Most of the informants; that had been attend it before; reveals that they watched the performance in Ubud and Kuta area. â€Å"I watched the dances during night in Ubud.† (Japanese informant/B.7) â€Å"I watched it near by my hotel in Kuta, and it’s very fantastic!† (Indonesian informant/B.9) The most cultural event that had been attended is Kecak dance, and followed by Pendet and Barong dance for the cultural da nces. For the cultural festivals and ceremonies, some of the informants mentioned that they have been attending the Ngaben festivals. Whereby, one of the informants reveals that he/she had been attending both of the cultural dances and cultural festivals. â€Å"I have seen Ngaben ceremony and some of their cultural dances, like Kecak and Pendet. Kecak is very attractive dance; there is a meaning behind it. One of the interesting parts is their group cooperation.† (Indonesian informant/B.6) 2.2.4.4Frequency of Visiting Bali Based on the frequency of visiting Bali, most of the informants stated that it is their first time going to Bali. Whereas one of the informants stated that he/she has gone to Bali for more than twice, at least 4 times a year. â€Å"Not really regularly, but I’ll go there at least 4 times a year.† (Indonesian informant/B.6) By looking at the intention for tourist that never been to Bali before, all the informants reveal that t hey have an intention for planning to visit Bali someday. Some of them stated that they will visit Bali when they already have enough money to go there. â€Å"I have to see my saving first.† (Korean informant/A.2) â€Å"Yes, when I have enough money, surely I’ll go there. (Indonesian informant/B.1) From the qualitative study, it allows us to recognize the motivator of tourist whether they want to visit again in the future days and willing to introduce it to others. Anyhow, each of the intention carrier its own personal reason that affect them. All of the informants responded positively that they are planned to revisit Bali again someday. Some of the informants stated their reasons because they want to explore more about Balinese attraction as well as their curiosity of Balinese culture, below are the statement of informants: â€Å"†¦because I want to see more places that I haven’t visit last time.† (Japanese informant/B.7) â€Å"Y es, absolutely. I want to see more about Balinese cultural attractions just for my reference.† (Indonesian informant/B.6) â€Å"Absolutely yes! Like I just said because I want to explore more about their attractions!† (Singaporean informant/A.10) Discussion: According to Gahan and Martin (1993), first and repeat tourists were found to be significantly different with respect related to the two factors of excitement and novelty in their principal motivation. Satisfaction levels were also found to be significantly different between first and repeat tourists. Repeat visitors appeared to have a higher satisfaction than first visitors. However, no significant differences were found in satisfaction level during their trip to Bali. From the study, it indicates that all of the informants have a high satisfaction level while their trip. Assuming an interest to going to Bali related to the tourist experiences, it indicates that pricing has become one of the factors in determining the tourist behavior to choose a destination. Whereby, level of income and saving of the tourists have enabled to satisfy the interest by contributing for the demand of tourism. This study indicates that pricing in the tourism product in Bali; such as accommodation, public transportation, as well as tourist activities; is one of the criteria that can measure satisfaction level of the tourist experience in Bali. Basically, pricing is often used as the most convenient and visible marketing tools, since affordability constitutes as an important pull factor in drawing tourist to the particular destinations, which is applied to the Dann’s theory of pull factors (1977). From the study, among this tourist the price offered in Bali is affordable to them and it does not found price sensitive in the tourism product in Bali. In terms of their experience of attending the cultural events, it indicates that most of tourists have been attending the cultural events, especia lly Balinese cultural dances. It revealed that most of the tourist have been attended the cultural dances in Ubud and Kuta as one of the main destination in Bali. According to Ida Bagus Rata (2004), Ubud area has the daily cultural dance performances staged everyday. Most of the tourists have been attended Kecak dance during their trip, which attending the cultural dance can be categorized as the cultural events experience in Bali. Kecak dance is the most well-known dance in Bali (Seminar on Tourism, 1977). It has many show times that can be watched almost everyday (Ida Bagus Rata, 2004). Therefore, most of tourists have been experience the uniqueness of Kecak dance during their trip in Bali. The study also indicated most of the tourist wished to revisit Bali again. It may justifiable that almost all the tourist who visits Bali is cultural seeker. In other words, these visitors identified as those whom have a motivation for travel to explore the culture, which based on a speci fic desire to experience a particular aspect of Balinese culture and tourist attraction. Whereby Mohr et al. (1993) stated that the cultural seeker can be categorized into his principal of motivation in event novelty category. Event novelty is for the tourist that experiencing something new and different things because of the uniqueness. 2.3Conclusion According to this primary data is complied with research and analytical part of the dissertation. This data is required as part of the qualitative research conducted by in-depth interview with tourists; who have been to Bali as well as never been to Bali before. The data is act as referential material for the subsequent part of research. Methodologies adopted are consisting of the effort of literature review from references materials. Based on the research done, it has discovered that motivation of tourist for all the elements questioned was thoroughly responded. From this qualitative study, it synthesis the tourist level of i nterest in Bali and their cultural events, as well as their perception, which can influence tourist to visit and attending cultural event in Bali. Tourist experiences are also one of the factors that can relate to their tourist motivation to visit Bali. Therefore most of the informant stated that their main purpose is for holiday and leisure time to enjoy the Balinese natural attraction, even though exploring Balinese culture by attending their cultural event mentioned as one of motivational factor for the tourist to visit Bali. Most of them have a high interest in attending cultural event in Bali. Regarding their perception toward Balinese cultural event, they thought cultural event in Bali is unique and attractive performance.